Property Development - What's an Entitlement and Why Do I Need it to Build?

What is An Entitlement?approvals.
The definition of entitlement with regard to landRegulatory Process:
development is the legal method of obtaining approvalsMajority of development projects must go through
for the right to develop property for a particular use.certain aspects of the entitlement process and some
The entitlement process is complicated, timeprojects will be required to go through several public
consuming and can be costly, but know what you canhearing processes for approval depending on each
and can't do with a piece of property is vital tojurisdiction's rules. To begin, commercial development
determining the real estate feasibility of your project.of land requires a review and approval from the local
Some examples of entitlements are as follows:Development Review Board or Planning Department
Entitlement Examples:Review Division. Each municipality has a different
1. Zoning and zoning variances for building heights,name but the functions are similar.
number of parking spaces, setbacks. Your land use
attorneys and zoning experts come into play here. My1. The process starts with obtaining site approval from
advice is to heavily rely on their expertise and followthe local Planning and Development Department. By
their directions to avoid unnecessary delays in yourcontacting the local Planning and Development
approval process.Department Review Division, your expert team will
2. Rezoning. Depending on the current use allowed forthen put together a land use pre-application which
the property, you might need to have the site rezonedcomplies with the codes of that particular jurisdiction.
which is a complicated process and sometimes cannotBy complying with the codes, this will eliminate
be done.additional requests by the jurisdiction, further review
3 Use Permits. You may need to obtain conditional useand extension and unnecessary delays of the
permits and this goes hand in hand with zoning andapproval process.
zoning variances.2. Next a meeting date will be set. You and/or your
4. Road approvals. Do you need to put in existingrepresentatives will meet with the Planning Department
roads? Who maintains the roads? Are there sharedto discuss the proposed project and review process.
roads via easements? These are all questions thatThe process includes approval of your site plan,
you need to have the answers to and be prepared toelevations, colors, landscaping, vicinity map, etc.
comply with in the regulatory process.Environmental information will need to be submitted
5 Utility approvals. Are utilities available to the site? Doalso. There is usually a fee that accompanies the
you need to donate land to the city in exchange forapplication. The fees vary from jurisdiction to
utility entitlements? Again, you will need to comply withjurisdiction.
the municipality regulations and standards.3. If for some reason your site plan is denied, you can
6. Landscaping approvals. The city planning andappeal to the City Council. The appeal process varies
development agencies must also approve your designfrom each jurisdiction.
and landscaping. Your architect and engineers will be4. Once you obtain site approval, then you will need
most helpful in this area.design approval, master use permits. The design
Hire an Experienced Development Team:approval process is where your architect will design
The best advise is to hire an experiencedthe building shell, core layout, exterior appearance,
development team of architects, developers, lawyers,building height, site layout, landscaping concepts, traffic
project consultants, civil, soil, landscape and structuralimpact, site access and utility layouts and submit them
engineers and consultants at the onset to help youfor approval.
analyze, review, interpret and advise you regarding5. Neighborhood hearings are generally required for all
design studies, applicable zoning and codegeneral plan conditional use permits. You may be
requirements, and maximum development potential ofrequired to send out written notice or post information
the property. Without an experienced team, it ison the site. Normally the City will send notices to the
extremely difficult and a lot of time will be wasted inneighbors also. Signs should be placed on the property,
trying to complete the regulatory process because theand an open house meeting is generally held. Your
very nature of the regulatory process is sodevelopment team will be instrumental in advising and
complicated.assisting you so that you have a higher probability of
Here is how the process works. First, remember toachieving success in obtaining neighborhood approval.
keep in mind that the process is very slow andBe prepared, even if you comply with the regulatory
frustrating and can take approximately 3 to 12 monthsprocess codes and regulations, there is always the
or sometimes years depending on how complicatedpossibility that the neighborhood may have their own
the project is. Part of the reason is that each cityagenda and that the hearings and decisions may not
planner has different interpretations of their local rules.be favorable to your project going forward. This is
Today, approvals involve jurisdictions overlapping suchwhere your attorneys and the rest of your
as city, county and state and these jurisdictions do notdevelopment team's expertise and participation are
communicate with each other. It is extremely crucialcrucial.
that you establish good working relationships withIf wetlands are located on the property you will need
these planners to obtain your approvals. Again, this isspecial documentation that states whether the
why you need to work with a development team thatWetlands Act applies or not. If it does, either it will result
has already built these relationships with local staff ofin significant or insignificant impact as granted by
the local jurisdiction where your property will beevidence of a permit. Sometimes it is best to set aside
developed. These relationships will streamline and helpor donate the wetlands portion of the property and
to expedite your approval process. Your experiencedavoid development issues. Your development team will
team of experts will be able to negotiate issues forbe able to advise you on the best course of action
you and eliminate additional requests by the localonce they have assessed all the information and
jurisdiction to avoid further delays in obtaining yourreviewed the reports.